The Ultimate First-Timer’s Guide to Traveling in China
What to know before you go, how to navigate like a pro, and how to make your trip unforgettable.
Introduction: China Will Challenge You—in the Best Way
Planning your first trip to China can feel like preparing for an expedition to another planet. Everything—from the language and the food to the etiquette and transport system—is different from what most Western travelers are used to. And that's exactly what makes it magical.
China is vast, layered with 5,000 years of history, bursting with modern energy, and rich in contrasts. One minute you’re standing atop the Great Wall surrounded by windswept mountains, and the next you’re sipping bubble tea in a neon-lit mega-mall in Shanghai. It’s a place where emperors’ palaces coexist with high-speed trains and where ancient Confucian teachings still echo in the way people speak and interact.
But if you show up unprepared, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed.
That’s where this guide comes in. Whether you’re planning to visit for two weeks or two months, whether you’re a culture geek, foodie, nature lover, or just curious traveler, this guide will walk you through everything you need to know before traveling to China for the first time—from what to pack to how to not get lost in a sea of Mandarin.
So, grab your notebook (or save this page), and let’s dive into what makes China a thrilling—and doable—destination for first-timers.
1. Start with the Right Expectations
Traveling to China is not like visiting Italy or Japan. Don’t expect perfect English signage, Western-style coffee shops on every corner, or people going out of their way to help lost tourists. That said, you’ll find a country with a deep sense of hospitality, an epic food scene, and a culture that rewards curiosity and respect.
👉 Come with an open mind, and expect things to be unfamiliar—but also full of surprise and meaning.
2. Visa Requirements: Don’t Leave This Until the Last Minute
Most travelers to China will need a visa in advance. The process isn’t difficult, but it takes time.
Tourist Visa (L-Visa): Usually valid for 30-60 days.
Documents Required: Flight itinerary, hotel bookings, and sometimes a letter of invitation.
Processing Time: Typically 4–10 business days.
Apply At: Your nearest Chinese consulate or via a visa service agency.
💡 Pro tip: Double-check all your information—mistakes like mismatched passport numbers or travel dates can delay approval.
3. The Language Barrier Is Real—But Manageable
Don’t count on people speaking English, especially outside major cities. But don’t panic either. Many young people have studied English, and with a few key Mandarin phrases, translation apps, and good old hand gestures, you’ll be fine.
Download Pleco (the gold standard dictionary app).
Try Google Translate (download Chinese offline).
Learn phrases like “How much is this?” (这个多少钱？Zhège duōshǎo qián?) and “Where is the bathroom?” (洗手间在哪里？Xǐshǒujiān zài nǎlǐ?)
💬 Want to feel more confident? Learn Mandarin basics before your trip—just 10 hours of prep can make a huge difference.
4. Where to Go: The First-Timer’s Shortlist
China is massive. You won’t see everything in one trip, so prioritize. Here’s a classic two-week route:
Beijing: Great Wall, Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven.
Xi’an: Terracotta Warriors, Muslim Quarter.
Guilin/Yangshuo: Stunning karst landscapes, river cruises.
Shanghai: Modern China meets Art Deco glamour.
Optional: Suzhou (water towns), Chengdu (pandas), or Hangzhou (tea and lakes).
🗺️ Mix big cities with natural beauty and history-rich sites for the most balanced experience.
5. Transportation: From Bullet Trains to Bicycles
China’s high-speed train network is a miracle of modern infrastructure. Use it.
Bullet Trains: Fast, clean, punctual. Book tickets early (12306.cn or apps like Trip.com).
Domestic Flights: Reasonable and efficient for long distances.
Subways: Cheap and English-friendly in cities like Beijing and Shanghai.
Taxis & Rideshares: Use DiDi (China’s Uber).
🚫 Avoid renting a car. Traffic laws, signage, and driving styles are not tourist-friendly.
6. What to Eat (and How to Order)
Chinese food is one of the greatest joys of traveling in China—but it’s not what you know from takeout menus.
Try these:
Peking duck (Beijing)
Xiaolongbao (Shanghai soup dumplings)
Hotpot (Chengdu or Chongqing)
Jianbing (savory breakfast crepes)
Etiquette Tips:
Don’t stick your chopsticks upright in rice.
Sharing dishes is the norm.
Slurping is acceptable!
🥢 Not sure what to order? Point to pictures, or ask your server for recommendations. And don’t shy away from street food—it’s often the best.
7. Internet & Apps: What Works and What Doesn’t
China’s internet is firewalled. Google, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and even WhatsApp are blocked. Use these alternatives:
VPN: Download and set up before arrival (e.g., ExpressVPN, NordVPN).
WeChat: Essential for messaging, payments, and even translating.
Alipay or WeChat Pay: Used everywhere, from taxis to vending machines.
Translation + Maps: Baidu Maps, Google Maps (still works via VPN), and Pleco.
📱 Keep your phone charged—mobile payments are now more common than cash.
8. Social Customs and What to Avoid
Understanding basic etiquette can go a long way in avoiding awkward moments.
Greetings: No handshakes needed; a simple nod is fine.
Gift Giving: Wrap in red; avoid clocks and white flowers.
Noise Levels: Talking loudly isn’t considered rude.
Staring: Don’t take it personally—foreigners still draw attention in some regions.
Hygiene: Carry tissues and hand sanitizer (many public bathrooms don’t supply toilet paper).
🚽 Yes, squat toilets are still common. Get used to them.
9. Money Matters
China’s currency is the Renminbi (RMB), also called Yuan (元).
Cash: Still useful in smaller towns.
Cards: Not always accepted. Use UnionPay or mobile apps.
Exchange: Airports, banks, or hotels—but rates can vary.
Tipping: Not expected, though appreciated in upscale establishments.
💸 Budget travelers can get by on $30–50/day outside big cities.
10. Health & Safety
China is generally safe, but always use common sense.
Tap Water: Don’t drink it. Use bottled or boiled water.
Food Safety: Eat where there are lots of locals—it’s a good sign.
Vaccinations: Hepatitis A, Typhoid, and routine immunizations recommended.
Insurance: Travel insurance is a must.
😷 Air quality can be poor in some cities. Consider a mask or checking AQI apps.
11. Cultural Sites: What You Shouldn’t Miss
Add these to your “must-see” list:
The Great Wall (Beijing): Go to Mutianyu or Jinshanling for fewer crowds.
Forbidden City: Book online ahead of time.
Leshan Giant Buddha: Near Chengdu.
Li River Cruise: From Guilin to Yangshuo.
West Lake (Hangzhou): Poetic beauty, especially at sunset.
🎫 Always carry your passport—it’s needed for ticket purchases.
12. Learn Some Mandarin Before You Go
You don’t need to be fluent, but even a little goes a long way.
Learn to say:
你好 (nǐ hǎo) – Hello
谢谢 (xièxiè) – Thank you
不要 (bù yào) – No, thank you
多少钱? (duō shǎo qián?) – How much?
Practice basic pronunciation and tones.
Consider taking a short travel Mandarin course (like the ones we offer at Polyglottist Language Academy 👇)
📚 You’ll feel more confident, and locals will appreciate the effort.
FAQs: First-Time Travel to China
Is China safe for solo travelers?
Yes, China is very safe, even for solo female travelers. Petty crime is rare, but always stay aware of your surroundings.
Do I need to speak Mandarin?
No, but learning some basics will make your experience much smoother and more rewarding.
What’s the best time to visit China?
Spring (April–May) and Fall (September–October) offer the best weather. Avoid national holidays like Chinese New Year and Golden Week.
Do I need a VPN in China?
Yes, if you want to access Western apps and websites like Google, Instagram, or Gmail.
Is street food safe in China?
Generally, yes—especially if the stall is busy and food is hot. Trust your nose and eyes.
How do I get around without speaking Chinese?
Use translation apps, carry your hotel’s business card, and learn basic phrases. Most metro systems have English signage.
How do I access money in China?
Bring cash to exchange or use international ATMs. Mobile payments like Alipay and WeChat Pay are widely used but may be tricky for foreigners without Chinese bank accounts.
Should I tip in restaurants or taxis?
Tipping is not customary in China, and is often refused. A simple thank-you will do.
Ready to Experience China?
If you're feeling more excited than overwhelmed, you’re on the right track. Traveling to China will challenge you, surprise you, and leave you with stories that last a lifetime.
💬 Want to feel even more confident before your trip? At Polyglottist Language Academy, we offer Mandarin classes—online and in-person—designed to help you master basic communication, cultural etiquette, and essential vocabulary. You’ll learn from native-speaking teachers and be ready to explore China like a local.
👉 Sign up today and take the stress out of your adventure.
📚 Explore More on Our Blog
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How Mandarin Can Boost Your Career In The Bay Area Tech And Business Scene
Why Learning Mandarin As An Adult Is More Doable Than You Think
From Dumplings To Dialogues: How To Speak Mandarin At Bay Area Restaurants
Best Mandarin Classes For Busy Professionals In The Bay Area